Category: Expertise

Agri-food in China: a market between dependence and diversification

Agri-food in China: a market between dependence and diversification

A strategic market at the heart of global food tensions

In 2024, China imported 188 billion euros worth of agricultural and agri-food products. This impressive figure reflects a structural reality: despite its desire to move towards self-sufficiency, China must rely on imports to feed its population of 1.4 billion. Rapid urbanization, rising living standards, diversification of dietary habits and pressure on domestic production reinforce this underlying trend.

China’s trade balance is largely in deficit, as the country turns massively to its partners to secure its supplies. 25% of its imports come from Brazil, the main supplier of soy and meat, 12% from the United States, and 8% from the European Union. Also noteworthy: the rise of Asian partners such as Thailand (6%), a sign of the regionalization of trade.

Agri-food in China: a growing sector, targeted needs

Among the agri-food products imported into China, 57% are raw agricultural products, notably :

  • Oilseeds (30% alone),
  • Meats (11%)
  • Aquatic products (9%)
  • Cereals (7%)
  • Fats and oils (6%)

Processed products, including ready-made meals, preserves, sauces and cold meats, account for 45% of Chinese food imports. Finally, alcoholic beverages still account for a small share (2%), but they concentrate a high value and premium demand, particularly in the European wine segment.

This segmentation illustrates strong demand for plant and animal proteins, raw materials and processed products, in response to new consumer habits.

Rising food expenditure reflecting increased purchasing power

In 2024, the average annual food expenditure of Chinese households will reach 32,994 yuan, or around 4,300 euros. This already significant sum climbs sharply in the major metropolises: up to 7,300 euros in Shanghai and 6,786 euros in Beijing. This trend, linked to urbanization, the development of the middle classes and growing purchasing power, is stimulating demand for varied, safe, premium and practical products.

Chinese food imports on the rise

The Chinese market for imported food products is growing at an annual rate of 15%, well above the world average of 4%. Among imported products, the meat and charcuterie sector is experiencing strong growth, with 6.6 million tonnes in 2023, over +2.25% on the previous year[1] . Consumption of ready-to-eat products and snacks is booming, in line with the lifestyles of young urbanites, who prefer quick, healthy and even innovative solutions.[2]

This dynamism offers particularly interesting opportunities for companies capable of combining quality, innovation and understanding of the local market.

Europe as a leading partner for Chinese supplies

In 2024, China imported €14.5 billion worth of European agricultural and food products. This figure is rising, with France leading the way at 4.3 billion euros, followed by Spain, the Netherlands and Germany. What distinguishes Europe in this market is the complementarity of its national offerings: each country exports different products, which limits intra-European competition. Germany exports food preparations, Spain meat and pork products, France wines, cereals and dairy products, the Netherlands dairy products and cereal preparations.

 

France: European leader with rising exports

China imported 4.3 billion euros worth of French agricultural products in 2024, making France the leading European supplier to the Chinese market by value (30% of European imports are French). Between 2018 and 2023, its agri-food exports grew by 65%, a significant figure that underlines the potential of this commercial partnership.

China is now France’s 8th largest customer by value for agri-food products. France will be China’s 12th largest supplier in 2024.

French exports to China in 2024 are dominated by :

  • Alcoholic beverages (37%), notably wines and spirits;
  • Cereals (27%): France is the leading supplier of barley;
  • Dairy products (9%), in constant growth.

These performances illustrate France’s ability to adapt to the expectations of Chinese consumers, particularly in terms of quality, safety and traceability.

Opportunities for international exporters in the agriculture and agrifood sector

The Chinese market offers numerous opportunities for foreign companies capable of offering :

  • Traceable, safe products that comply with Chinese standards,
  • Formats adapted to the local market and lifestyle,
  • A premium or innovative image,
  • Practical food solutions for the urban lifestyle.

Growth segments for all international players include :

  • Upscale snacking,
  • High added-value dairy products,
  • Fruit, vegetables and processed products,
  • Traditional cereals and breads adapted to local tastes.

Organic produce is also enjoying strong growth in China. By 2022, Chinese consumption of organic food products will be worth 12.4 billion euros, making China Asia’s leading market for organic products, and the 3rd largest in the world.

China’s growing export power in the agri-food sector

Alongside its imports, China is developing its own agri-food exports, which reached $95 billion in 2024. It is particularly active in :

  • Seafood products (fish, shrimps),
  • Processed fruit and vegetables,
  • Cereals and cereal derivatives,
  • Processed products such as sauces and preserves.

China is no longer content to import: it is becoming a global agri-food player, capable of competing in certain segments.

The Chinese agri-food market in full transformation

The Chinese agrifood market is undergoing rapid change, driven by sustained domestic growth, galloping urbanization and demanding consumers. For international players, it’s a promising but demanding market, requiring agility, consistency and a genuine local strategy. Importers must adapt by focusing on :

  • Product innovation,
  • Understanding local habits,
  • Mastery of Chinese regulations,
  • Building solid partnerships with local distributors and platforms.

For over 26 years, VVR International has been assisting food companies with their development projects in China. From strategic positioning, to developing brand awareness, to import and distribution procedures, VVR International’s experts support foreign companies every step of the way.

 

Sources:

Business France

https://agreste.agriculture.gouv.fr/agreste-web/download/publication/publie/IraCex2425/2024_25inforapcommerceext.pdf

https://www.tresor.economie.gouv.fr/Articles/2024/02/01/la-veille-agri-agro-du-ser-de-pekin-semaine-du-01-fevrier-2024

https://www.tresor.economie.gouv.fr/Articles/2024/11/01/la-veille-agri-agro-du-ser-de-pekin-premiere-quinzaine-d-octobre-2024

[1]  https://www.teamfrance-export.fr/fiche-marche/produits-alimentaires/viandes-et-charcuterie/CN

[2] https://www.lemoci.com/actualites/actualites/agroalimentaire-la-chine-continue-doffrir-des-opportunites-export-malgre-tout/

 

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Dog or cat? Preferences change in China and the market adapts

Dog or cat? Preferences change in China and the market adapts

In China, pets are particularly popular with young urbanites in search of affection, home comforts and new landmarks. This craze for dogs and cats is driving sustained growth in the pet food and care market of over 13%, reaching an impressive 300 billion yuan (over 40 billion euros) by 2024.

This strong growth is accompanied by deeper transformations in the structure of the pet supplies market in China: changing consumer habits, changing purchasing preferences and distribution channels, the rise of Chinese brands… We take a closer look.

A recent shift in preferences in favor of cats in China

Until recently, dogs were preferred to cats in China. But since 2021, a turning point has been reached: cats now outnumber dogs in Chinese households. By 2024, there were 71 million cats in China, compared with 52 million dogs.

This shift in preferences when choosing a pet may reflect cultural and lifestyle changes. In ever denser cities and smaller apartments, young urbanites prefer cats, which are more independent and better adapted to city life.

This change has a direct impact on market structure. Although the market for dog food, care and accessories remains slightly ahead in value terms, amounting to 155.7 billion yuan in 2024 versus 144.5 billion yuan for cats, forecasts predict a reversal by 2026. Indeed, with annual growth of 10% for cats versus 4% for dogs, the cat market is set to overtake the dog market.

A substantial budget for pet owners in China

China’s pet budget is on the rise. Chinese owners are investing more and more in the well-being and quality of life of their pets. In 2024, the average annual expenditure was 2960 yuan for a dog, or around €410, and 2020 yuan for a cat, or almost €300, a steady rise from around 1800 yuan just a few years ago.

Over 52% of this pet-related spending in China is devoted to food, a lucrative segment that has become strategic for brands and retailers.

Rise of Chinese brands in the pet food sector

One of the major changes in the Chinese pet food market between 2017 and 2024 is the spectacular rise of local brands. Whereas in 2017, foreign brands dominated with 60% of the market, they now hold just 35%, while Chinese brands climb to 65%. In terms of foreign brand market share, American brands dominate.

The success of local brands can be attributed to a number of factors:

  • A significant improvement in the quality of local products.
  • Communication better adapted to the culture and expectations of Chinese consumers.
  • A high-performance omnichannel distribution strategy.

As regards consumer preferences, in 2024, 28% to 34% of consumers said they preferred Chinese brands, while 44% had no clear preference – a figure down on 2023 (47%). Foreign brands, meanwhile, are preferred by 12% to 19% of consumers.

This phenomenon is emblematic of a national reconquest affecting many sectors in China, where consumers no longer systematically consider an imported product to be synonymous with superior quality.

E-commerce and social networks: the preferred purchasing channels for the pet food sector

The Chinese pet food market is largely digitalized.

  • 35% of sales are made via e-commerce, with platforms such as Tmall and JD.com leading the way.
  • 27% use Chinese social networks to promote their products, using KOLs (Key Opinion Leaders) for example, and to sell them.
  • In contrast, retail sales through veterinarians account for only 15% of sales.

The Chinese consumer prefers speed, personalization and direct interaction with the brand. The most successful brands are those that have understood how to transform their communication into an experience: original packaging, educational or humorous video content, community engagement via WeChat or Xiaohongshu…

What opportunities are there for foreign pet food brands in China?

Faced with this changing market, foreign brands need to adapt their strategy. Importing quality products is not enough to establish a long-term presence on the Chinese market:

  • Localize your offer to suit the specific needs of pets and their owners in China
  • Forge partnerships with Chinese distributors and influencers to gain visibility.
  • Invest in localized content: videos, WeChat mini-programs, educational live events on animal nutrition, etc.

 

China: the world’s leading pet food market?

China is fast becoming the world’s largest pet food market, driven by a growing love of cats, a demanding and connected urban population, and increasingly successful local brands.

For foreign companies, the challenge lies in fully understanding the market and the expectations of Chinese consumers. They also need to choose the right distribution channels and marketing strategy. VVR International’s experts help foreign companies seize the opportunities offered by China’s demanding and competitive pet market.

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Salaries and benefits for employees in China: the complete 2025 guide

Salaries and benefits for employees in China: the complete 2025 guide

As the world’s second largest economy, China has a dynamic labour market with its own particularities in terms of wages, benefits and working conditions. This article provides a detailed overview of these crucial aspects for employees and employers operating in the country.

Wage setting in China

In China, wage determination is a process that combines national legislation, local regulations and individual negotiations.

How much is the Chinese minimum wage?

Unlike in many countries, the minimum wage in China is not set at national level. Instead, it is determined by local governments (cities, provinces and districts) according to the specific socio-economic conditions of each region.

This approach leads to significant variations from one region to another. There is a distinction between the minimum monthly wage for full-time workers and the minimum hourly wage for part-time workers. Here are some examples of minimum monthly wages in major cities:

 

City Minimum monthly wage (CNY)
Shanghai

2690

Beijing

2420

Shenzhen

2520

Guangzhou

2500

Chongqing

2330

Tianjin

2320

Nanjing

2490

Hangzhou

2490

Chengdu

2330

Wuhan

2210

The minimum wage is revised periodically by the local authorities, usually at least every two years, in accordance with the China Employment Promotion Plan. Employers are obliged to respect the minimum wage in force and to avoid any form of wage discrimination. Social security contributions are calculated on the basis of gross salary and also vary from province to province.

What factors influence wages in China?

Several key factors influence wage levels in China:

  • Region: as mentioned above, regional disparities are marked. Large cities such as Beijing and Shanghai offer higher salaries than less developed provinces.
  • Qualification and experience: the most highly qualified and experienced employees are paid more. Higher levels of education explain the rise in average salaries in China.
  • Spoken languages.
  • Sector of activity: certain sectors, such as finance, technology and medicine, are known for offering more attractive salaries. In these strategic sectors, companies are looking to recruit the best profiles.
  • Nationality: expatriates often receive higher salaries to offset the cost of living and attract international skills.
  • Type of company.

What social benefits does being an employee in China offer?

Employee benefits in China consist of a compulsory social security system supplemented by optional benefits.

China’s compulsory social security system, known as the “5+1” system

 

China’s social security system is based on five main insurance schemes and a housing fund, financed jointly by employers and employees. Contribution rates vary from region to region. Here are the components of the system:

  • Old-age insurance: contributes to employee pensions, with pooled contributions to finance current pensions.
  • Health insurance: covers a large proportion of medical costs, including hospitalisation and medicines, and often includes maternity insurance.
  • Unemployment insurance: provides temporary financial assistance in the event of involuntary job loss.
  • Industrial accident insurance: protects against work-related injury or illness, covering medical expenses, rehabilitation and disability benefits.
  • Maternity insurance: provides financial support for employees during pregnancy and childbirth.
  • Housing Fund (“+1”): helps employees save for the purchase of a home, with contributions from both the employer and the employee.

Optional benefits offered by certain companies in China

The gross salary is negotiated at the time of hiring and must be stipulated in the employment contract. A variable component based on performance or bonuses (monthly, quarterly or annual or linked to specific events, such as Chinese New Year) may be included. To increase their attractiveness, companies may also offer additional benefits, such as a 13th month’s salary or specific bonuses, to retain their employees. In China, it is common practice to offer additional benefits such as :

  • Allowances to cover expenses such as accommodation, food, transport and children’s schooling.
  • Additional insurance: companies may offer additional medical cover or private insurance, particularly for foreign employees.

Paid leave in China: holidays and public holidays

Employees also benefit from compulsory leave, including :

  • Annual leave (based on length of service).
  • Maternity/paternity leave.
  • National public holidays.

The length of annual leave is determined by the employee’s seniority, not within the company but in the world of work:

  • 1 to 10 years’ professional experience: 5 days’ paid holiday.
  • 10 to 20 years’ professional experience: 10 days’ paid holiday.
  • More than 20 years’ professional experience: 15 days’ paid holiday.

.Working hours and overtime in China

The legal working week in China is 8 hours a day and 40 hours a week, but an employee in China works an average of 44 hours a week. Overtime is permitted, but limited to 3 hours a day and 36 hours a month, with compulsory pay. During the week, overtime is paid at 150% of the basic hourly wage.

The rules of employment in China: deciphering them with the right partners

The Chinese labour market is characterised by a combination of government regulations, local practices and negotiations. Understanding the framework and practices surrounding employment is essential for companies wishing to recruit, retain and effectively manage their teams in China.

VVR International helps companies to structure and optimise their HR policy in China. Whether it’s a question of local recruitment, legal compliance, salary negotiation or freelance administration, our team of HR experts can guide you in making the right choices and building a sustainable HR strategy tailored to the local situation.

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The aeronautics sector in China in 2024: growth and business opportunities

The aeronautics sector in China in 2024: growth and business opportunities

Introduction

China’s aerospace sector in 2024 is showing strong growth, underpinned by massive investment in infrastructure and technological advances. As China surpasses pre-pandemic levels in several areas, the industry also offers promising prospects for foreign companies. This article explores the highlights of this recovery and highlights the opportunities for business development in China.

A powerful recovery: key figures for 2024

Passenger Transport and Air Traffic

In 2024, China will set new records with more than 700 million passenger journeys, including 640 million on domestic routes, marking a 14% increase on 2019. The first half of the year saw 350 million passengers carried, a year-on-year increase of 23.5%.

Air freight and performance

Air freight is also on the rise, with 4.17 million tonnes transported in the first half, 27.4% more than in 2023. Load factors reached 82.2%, reflecting optimised operational management.

 Opportunities for foreign companies

Partnership-friendly growth

As China aims for technological autonomy, local companies like COMAC are looking for international partners to develop strategic components. This need is opening doors for foreign companies specialising in components, engines and avionics systems.

A dynamic local market

With demand growing rapidly, foreign manufacturers such as Airbus and Embraer are stepping up their presence. Airbus, for example, plans to deliver its A330neo as early as 2025, once it has obtained Chinese certification.

 

Structuring projects: Jinzhouwan International airport in Dalian: an exceptional ambition

China is investing in ambitious projects to meet the growing demand for air transport. More than 100 new airport projects are planned over the next 10 years, and hubs such as Shanghai Pudong and Guangzhou Baiyun, already among the largest in the world, are seeing their capacity increased.

Among these investments, Jinzhouwan International Airport, currently under construction on an artificial island off the coast of Dalian, is one of the most ambitious projects in terms of airport infrastructure. Designed to become the largest offshore airport in the world, this project illustrates the ingenuity and scale of China’s ambitions in this field.

Features and capabilities

Covering an area of 20.9 km², the airport is designed with four runways and a terminal covering 900,000 m². When it opens, it will be able to handle 43 million passengers a year, with the capacity to expand to 80 million. In addition, it will handle around 1 million tonnes of freight a year, meeting the growing needs of regional and international trade.

Strategic objectives

The project aims to replace the current Dalian-Zhoushuizi airport, which is now saturated, and to become an engine of economic development for north-east China. With strengthened connections to the world’s major cities and business centres, this airport is set to play a key role in attracting investment and facilitating trade.

Technological and environmental advances

Chinese engineers are using advanced techniques to build on complex marine terrain, while incorporating rigorous environmental standards. This includes innovative energy management systems to reduce the carbon footprint.

Timetable and outlook

Work began in 2011 and will reach a crucial stage in 2024 with the completion of the foundation and backfill phases. Entry into service is scheduled for 2035, marking a new era for airport infrastructure in China.

This emblematic project demonstrates China’s determination to maintain its role as world leader in aviation and to support its economic development by diversifying its logistics and transport capacities.

Conclusion: time to act in the Chinese aerospace market

The Chinese aerospace sector in 2024 is fertile ground for visionary companies. With booming infrastructures, record growth and diversified technological needs, this is a key time to invest and get involved. However, to succeed in this market requires meticulous preparation, in-depth knowledge of local dynamics, and reliable partners to navigate a complex but promising environment.

Optimising your market entry strategy: an asset for High-Tech Companies

To penetrate the Chinese aerospace market, particularly in sectors linked to advanced technologies, it is essential to build a targeted partnership strategy and benefit from expert support. Companies specialising in advanced components, new-generation engines or connected avionics systems will find immense potential, provided they master the local complexities.

Full support from VVR International

Working with Chinese players or industry experts helps to overcome the challenges of strict regulations, technological standards and cultural differences. Partners like VVR International provide unique expertise by helping to identify strategic local partners, whether research centres, manufacturers or specialist institutions. Their support also extends to services such as assistance with negotiating contracts and defining action plans tailored to the objectives of innovative companies.

In China, a network approach is essential for effective integration into the technological and industrial ecosystem. This includes :

  • Establish technological partnerships to develop solutions tailored to the local market.
  • Negotiating strategic agreements with suppliers to integrate efficient local supply chains.
  • Set up in industrial and technological clusters, particularly active in regions such as Shanghai and Chengdu, to accelerate collaboration and innovation.

By combining a detailed knowledge of cultural dynamics and business practices with a solid network, high-tech companies can not only reduce risks but also maximise their impact on the Chinese aerospace market. Professional support such as that offered by VVR International becomes a key lever for success in this complex and highly competitive environment.

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Building a Franco-Chinese team: Tips for successful integration

Building a Franco-Chinese team: Tips for successful integration

Integrating foreign employees into Chinese teams is essential to the effective deployment of business in China, whether they are based locally or working remotely. This is not only crucial to the success of the business, but also an enriching opportunity for the company’s managers. By understanding and respecting local cultural specificities, companies can not only facilitate the building of strong Franco-Chinese teams, but also develop strong cohesion within the team, which will prove to be a decisive factor in productivity.

In this article, we’ll explore practical tips and tried-and-tested strategies to help your foreign employees integrate more easily into everyday life in China. From understanding fundamental cultural values to adapting communication and management styles, every aspect will be covered. The aim is simple: to turn the challenges of integration into opportunities for growth and successful collaboration.

Understanding Chinese working culture

Integrating into a Chinese team requires a thorough understanding of local cultural values and practices. In China, the working culture is shaped by traditions and norms that may seem very different from those in Western countries. Understanding these cultural differences and respecting them on a daily basis is key to successful integration. In this section, we will look at three key aspects of Chinese work culture: hierarchy and respect for elders, the values of collectivism and harmony, and indirect communication styles.

The importance of hierarchy and respect for elders

The Chinese work culture is deeply rooted in traditional values that emphasise hierarchy and respect for elders. Unlike Western cultures, where equality and horizontal collaboration are often valued, the Chinese context favours a clear hierarchical structure. Decisions are generally taken by superiors, and subordinates are expected to follow these directives.

Key values: teamwork, harmony and respect

Teamwork is another cornerstone of Chinese work culture. Unlike Western individualism, success is often seen as a collective effort. The well-being of the team and the company takes precedence over individual interests. This translates into a strong emphasis on collaboration and harmony within the team. Maintaining good relations with colleagues and avoiding direct confrontation are highly valued behaviours.

Differences in communication styles: indirect vs. direct

Communication in China is often more indirect than in Western cultures. Within the company, employees tend to avoid direct confrontation and prefer to use more subtle means to express their opinions or disagreements. For example, the translation of the word “yes” can lead to misunderstandings if it is misinterpreted. In China, it is sometimes used to mean “I understand” rather than “I agree”. This nuance in communication can create misunderstandings if it is not properly understood.

Strategies for successful integration

Here are some tried and tested strategies and innovative approaches that take into account cultural specificities to simplify the integration of foreign employees into a Chinese team and strengthen cohesion within the company.

Intercultural training and cultural awareness

Cross-cultural training is essential to help foreign employees understand and adapt to Chinese cultural norms. This training should cover aspects such as work habits, social protocols and communication expectations.

Innovative approach: Immersive workshops and virtual exchanges

Organise immersive workshops that simulate typical Chinese work situations and social interactions. In addition, anticipate your employee’s arrival by encouraging upstream exchanges with their Chinese colleagues. To do this, you can offer time for discussion during which the future employee can ask questions and where everyone can share their experiences and work practices.

Mentoring and incubation by Chinese employees

Mentoring is an effective way of helping foreign employees adapt more quickly. By assigning a Chinese mentor to each new arrival, you create a supportive relationship that makes it easier to learn cultural and professional nuances.

Reverse mentoring programme

As mentioned earlier, reverse mentoring can also be beneficial. In this model, young Chinese employees mentor foreign managers, bringing a fresh perspective and reversing traditional roles. This encourages a mutual exchange of knowledge and skills, promoting greater cultural understanding on both sides.

Incubation: supporting your employee step by step

In addition to freelance administration, some companies specialising in HR offer an incubation service. At VVR International, we can carry your employee: in this case, we take charge of his or her legal and administrative management. To help them get up and running quickly, our teams welcome them and support them as they set up in China. With the possibility of working on our premises, they will have local contacts, training and a workspace that will enable them to quickly take charge of their new role within your company.

Organising social activities to strengthen ties

Social activities are crucial to strengthening relationships between employees and creating a sense of camaraderie and trust. Regular events allow employees to get to know each other outside the workplace.

Innovative approach : Intercultural team-building events

To take this a step further, team-building events dedicated to intercultural issues in the workplace can help to highlight cultural differences and raise your employees’ awareness of their implications for their day-to-day work, while at the same time strengthening links between teams. For example, cooking workshops in which employees prepare traditional Chinese and Western dishes together, or cultural excursions to explore the local culture can be interesting team-building activities to strengthen the bonds between French and Chinese employees.

Overcoming common challenges

Even with well-planned integration strategies, companies can encounter difficulties when integrating foreign employees into Chinese teams. To avoid these pitfalls, a good knowledge of the points to watch out for can help to achieve a successful and lasting integration.

Managing language differences and misunderstandings

Language barriers can often lead to misunderstandings and frustration. Although many professionals in China speak English, it is essential to recognise the nuances and challenges of multilingual communication.

Technological tools and language training

Technological tools such as real-time translation applications and multilingual communication platforms are invaluable in making day-to-day exchanges more fluid. To take things a step further, language courses tailored to the needs of your foreign employees can be a worthwhile investment in improving the skills of your staff. These courses will focus on terms specific to your sector and expressions commonly used in the workplace. Today, there is a wide range of language learning software with virtual reality functions available, which can be an interesting alternative to traditional language courses. This makes learning more flexible and less expensive.

Adapting management styles to bring them into line with Chinese expectations

Western management styles can sometimes be perceived as too direct or individualistic in China. Adapting these styles so that they are more in tune with local cultural expectations is crucial to effective management.

Innovative approach : Intercultural leadership workshops

An inclusive work environment is essential for employee satisfaction and productivity. This means respecting cultural differences and promoting an atmosphere of respect and collaboration.

Organise cross-cultural leadership workshops where foreign managers can learn to adapt their management style to suit Chinese expectations. These workshops can include role-playing, case studies and group discussions on best management practices in a cross-cultural context. Integrate e-learning platforms to offer continuous training modules and resources that can be accessed at any time.

Conclusion: successful integration is a worthwhile investment

Integrating foreign employees into Chinese teams is essential for success in China. By understanding the working culture, adopting innovative integration strategies and overcoming common challenges, companies can create a harmonious and productive working environment. Successful integration has a direct impact on a company’s overall performance.

VVR International and its HR department can help you create or strengthen your teams in China. Thanks to our teams and our coaching and portage services, we can take charge of your employee and support him or her in settling in and integrating, both culturally and legally and administratively. With VVR International, you benefit from local expertise and personalised support to ensure the successful recruitment and integration of your employees in China.

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Recruiting in China and Europe: key differences and tips for adapting

Recruiting in China and Europe: key differences and tips for adapting

Recruitment is a key success factor for companies. It is no longer enough just to find talent, you also need to be able to attract and retain it. The aim of this article is to compare the recruitment processes in China and Europe in order to identify the major differences and suggest ways in which European companies wishing to succeed in the Chinese market can adapt. By understanding these nuances, companies will be able to refine their recruitment strategies and maximise their chances of success.

The recruitment process in Europe

Recruitment in Europe reflects a certain corporate culture and managerial practices influenced by economic, social and cultural factors. Traditionally, European companies focus on academic qualifications and professional experience. The most common recruitment methods include advertising on job boards, recruitment agencies and job fairs.

Candidates are generally selected through a number of rigorous stages:

  • CV sorting,
  • Telephone interviews,
  • Face-to-face interviews,
  • Sometimes technical or psychological tests.

Qualifications and experience play a key role in the selection process. In addition, interpersonal skills and the ability to work in a team are increasingly valued criteria.

Finally, compliance with local regulations, such as anti-discrimination laws and personal data protection standards, is essential to ensure a transparent and fair recruitment process. European companies are also investing in diversity and inclusion programmes to attract a wider range of talent.

The recruitment process in China

The recruitment process in China is strongly influenced by specific cultural and historical aspects. Unlike in Europe, where academic qualifications and experience are paramount, in China personal networks (or ‘guanxi’) and recommendations play a key role in recruitment. Guanxi’ refers to the importance of personal relationships and connections, which can often play a key role in securing a job.

Recruitment methods in China include popular online platforms such as Zhaopin and 51job, and even social networks such as WeChat. Companies often use job fairs and partnerships with universities to attract young talent. The market for skilled jobs is dynamic and highly competitive, requiring both companies and candidates to be highly responsive. It should be noted that chasing competitors is a widespread practice, even for less skilled positions.

Companies are competing to attract the best talent. To do this, they adapt their job offers to the expectations of candidates, highlighting the stability of the job, the friendly management and the company’s reputation in China and internationally. They do not hesitate to highlight the opportunities for development within the company and the possibility of training.  Finally, companies must also take account of regional and sectoral differences to adapt their recruitment strategies.

Recruitment: what do they have in common?

In China, as in Europe, the importance of employer branding and personal development opportunities is growing. Companies need to focus on creating an attractive working environment and offering compelling value propositions to attract the best talent.

For European companies wishing to succeed in China, it is essential to adapt to these cultural specificities. Building strong relationships, understanding the importance of ‘guanxi’, and adapting local recruitment methods are key strategies. Investing in local market knowledge and working with local experts can also greatly facilitate the process.

Conclusion: Summary and recommendations for success in China

To recruit successfully in China, it is essential to understand the cultural and structural differences with Europe. In Europe, the emphasis is on academic qualifications and professional experience. In China, personal relationships, known as “guanxi”, and recommendations are crucial. To optimise recruitment in China, it is important to establish and maintain solid personal networks. It is advisable to use local recruitment platforms and Chinese professional social networks. To maximise your chances of success, to build or strengthen your local team and thus ensure the success of your development, it is advisable to call on the services of a specialist local company such as VVR International.

VVR RH by VVR International

VVR International has a dedicated Human Resources department. Our team of experts will advise and support you at every stage of the recruitment process to ensure that you find the ideal profile. Once selected, VVR International, via its freelance administration service, can manage your employee administratively and legally. You don’t even need to have a legal entity in China!

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China opens opportunities for foreign-owned hospital operations: What foreign healthcare companies should know

China opens opportunities for foreign-owned hospital operations: What foreign healthcare companies should know

Foreign-owned companies can now direct clinical operations and open 100% foreign owned hospitals in some Chinese cities. On September 7th 2024, China’s Ministry of Commerce, National Health Commission and the National Medical Products Administration announced the opening up the medical sector and, in particular, medical innovation to international players. As of this date, foreign-owned companies are now allowed to:

  • Direct clinical operation of gene and cell therapies, as well as genetic diagnostics, for regulatory registration purposes (NMPA), in the special economic zones of the three major coastal cities (Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou) and on the island of Hainan;
  • The opening of 100% foreign-owned international hospitals (excluding traditional Chinese medicine and the acquisition of a public hospital) in Beijing, Tianjin, Shanghai, Nanjing, Fuzhou, Suzhou, Guangzhou, Shenzhen and Hainan Island.

What do these policy changes mean for foreign healthcare companies in China?

In a way, this announcement resonates as a counterpoint to VBP (Volume Based Procurement), deployed in 2020, a policy aiming to achieve a lower price of medical care through high-volume procurement, whose intentions, while logical and laudable in macro-economic terms, demonstrated during the system’s implementation that is sometimes counter-productive on the innovation front. Indeed, in many cases, the economic equation for innovative products on the Chinese market can prove untenable for foreign innovators, with purchasers preferring so-called “museum” products in the VBP context.

This announcement therefore illustrates the Chinese government’s recognition of this situation, and its ongoing determination to attract innovation in health products and services, under economic conditions that are once again attractive to international healthcare innovators.

In concrete terms, after the major efforts made in the post-Covid period to digitalize the patient pathway (to an extent already ahead of many Western countries), the aim is to continue to drive the ongoing progress of the entire medical industry:

  • In terms of healthcare provision, the procedures for purchasing from public hospitals and validating the level of reimbursement by the Chinese social security system often delay the deployment of new therapeutic and diagnostic approaches by several months or even years.
  • In hospital management, to avoid the wasteful practices that still exist at various levels of hospital administration.
  • In terms of patient satisfaction, as the measured levels of satisfaction with public hospitals in China still leave much to be desired.

Moreover, as is customary with the Chinese government, the decision is multifactorial. Thus, the positive consequences of this announcement for the country, its population, and the general environment of the healthcare industry are numerous.

How the opening of China’s medical industry benefits patients

  1. Mobilize savings from the middle and upper classes towards the real economy, at around 45% in 2021, China’s savings rate significantly surpasses the global average savings rate of 26.5%. China bets here that wealthy Chinese will allocate an ever-increasing share of their family budget to healthcare, as can already be seen in existing international hospitals, where Chinese patients are by far in the majority compared to foreign patients – which was not the case just ten years ago.
  2. Accelerate the growth of the private medical insurance sector, in terms of both volume and actuarial skills, in order to continue to control public health spending and develop a whole area of financial services that is currently immature compared to the major Western countries. Notably, the situation in this field has already been improving for several years, thanks in part to innovative public-private partnerships.

China’s healthcare professionals benefit from the entry of foreign-owned healthcare

  1. Providing new career opportunities for the strictly “medical” staff of the public hospital, private hospitals in China are known and recognized for paying better salaries and offering better working conditions.
  2. Continue the process of specializing public hospitals in translational and clinical research (many large public hospitals are affiliated to a university with a medical curriculum), by increasing funding for physician-researchers and multiplying the number of world-class clinical trial centers – a trend already underway since 2018.
  3. The aim is to create an incentive for young Chinese to enter the medical and medical-scientific professions, by restoring the attractiveness they have lost in recent years due to the imbalance between pay and workload and the “glass ceiling” that has been reached too quickly.

How China’s healthcare opening boosts innovation

  1. Promote medical innovation, by facilitating the rapid market entry of innovative drugs and medical/diagnostic devices via private hospitals: these are not subject to the strict rules of public tenders (VBP or others), and therefore purchase their healthcare products at more or less “international” prices. With the combined population of the above-mentioned cities and their immediate surroundings exceeding 150 million, there is little doubt that such a market will prove profitable;
  2. Encourage the emergence of specialized medical distributors in the private hospital channel: as this type of distributor is still relatively rare, it is highly likely that new, high-caliber players will emerge in the next few years. This will enable innovative healthcare products to penetrate the Chinese market via multiple channels, with accelerated profits from the “private” channel supporting gradual entry into the “public” channel.

What is the next step for foreign health and medical tech companies to enter China?

In the ever-changing context of China’s human health and medical technology industry, it is essential for innovative health companies to obtain information and data from sources that are in direct contact with the country’s real developments and therefore understand the nuances of the market. We equip human health and med tech companies with clear, substantiated recommendations, backed up by a realistic, costed action plan.

VVR Medical/Daxue Consulting, leaders in strategic and operational support for companies in the medical sector on the Chinese market. Don’t hesitate to reach out to sustain your healthcare company’s presence in China. We look forward to hearing from you!

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Cosmetics regulations in China: What foreign brands need to know

Cosmetics regulations in China: What foreign brands need to know

The Chinese cosmetics market has become a major global player, attracting many foreign brands. However, setting up a successful business in China requires a thorough understanding of the strict regulations that govern the sector. This article examines the key regulations concerning cosmetics ingredients in China, their importation, marketing and commercialisation, with a particular focus on the implications for foreign brands.

The new CSAR regulations

On 1 January 2021, China introduced a new global regulatory framework for cosmetics: the Cosmetic Supervision and Administration Regulation (CSAR). This regulation replaces the old rules dating back to 1989 and aims to improve the safety, quality and efficacy of cosmetic products on the Chinese market. The CSAR introduces an obligation to assess the safety of each product and strengthens control throughout the product life cycle. The regulation also introduces new requirements for efficacy claims and new definitions and classifications for cosmetic products and their ingredients.

Although the CSAR has officially been in force since 2021, its full implementation is being phased in gradually until 2024, with the introduction of additional implementing regulations. The list of prohibited ingredients drawn up by the National Medical Products Administration (NMPA), for example, has been regularly amended and extended since 21 March 2024 to include 5 new ingredients. At the same time, the testing protocols have been modified and will come into force in December 2024. This change introduces 11 new test methods and revises 3 already in use.

From 1 May 2024, all cosmetic products marketed in China will have to undergo a full safety assessment, replacing the simplified version currently accepted.

The inventory of cosmetic ingredients (IECIC 2021) has been updated. It lists the 8783 authorised ingredients. Safety data for all new ingredients must be submitted to the authorities. The aim of this regulatory update is to better control the quality and safety of cosmetics imported or produced in China, in a fast-growing market.

Importation of Cosmetic Products

Product registration :

Before importing cosmetic products into China, foreign brands must register their products with the National Medical Products Administration (NMPA). This process can be complex and time-consuming, requiring the submission of detailed technical files, safety tests and compliance with local standards. For example, so-called ‘special cosmetics’ (such as sun protection products, hair dyes and hair loss products) must be registered and tested, a process that can take several months.

Animal Testing Requirements :

Historically, China required animal testing for all imported cosmetics, which posed an ethical problem for many international brands. Since May 2021, so-called “ordinary” cosmetics (such as skin care products, hygiene products and make-up) can be exempted from this requirement if certain conditions are met, such as Good Manufacturing Practice (GMP) certification by the country of origin.

Marketing and Sales

Advertising regulations :

All products, whether sold on the domestic market (offline or online) or on cross-border e-commerce (CBEC), must comply with Chinese advertising laws. Claims requiring administrative approval from the Chinese government are not permitted without the corresponding certificate. For example, cosmetics advertised as being for sensitive skin or simply improving skin elasticity must undergo efficacy tests on humans or consumer tests to assess the efficacy claim.

Product Supervision Solution
Cosmetics with general claims: moisturising, anti-oxidant, etc. Less strict Regulatory restrictions can be avoided by using alternative arguments
Cosmetics with specific claims: sensitive skin, etc. Very strict supervision Sanctions will be applied if these claims are not accompanied by efficacy tests on humans or consumer tests.

 Sales channels :

  • Cross Border E-Commerce: Supervised by the General Administration of Customs of China (GACC), trademarks will be reported to the local authorities by anti-counterfeiting professionals against the illegal use of arguments.
  • Domestic market: Overseen by the State Administration for Market Regulation, advertising and designations are strictly supervised.

Ingredients and Formulation

List of Prohibited and Restricted Ingredients :

The NMPA maintains a list of prohibited and restricted ingredients in cosmetic products. Brands must ensure that their formulations comply with this list. For example, certain preservatives and colourings commonly used in other markets may be banned in China.

Certification of Ingredients :

Brands must also provide detailed information on the ingredients used in their products, including certificates of analysis and evidence of safety. New substances used in cosmetic products must be approved by the NMPA before being placed on the market.

Labelling and Packaging

Labelling requirements :

Cosmetic products sold in China must comply with strict labelling requirements. This includes the translation into Chinese of all relevant information, such as the name of the product, the list of ingredients, instructions for use and precautions. In addition, the label must include the name and address of the Chinese importer, and of the responsible body in the event of an incident.

Mandatory information :

The label must also indicate the date of manufacture and the product’s shelf life. Cosmetics intended for children or people with sensitive skin must include specific warnings. Failure to comply with labelling requirements may result in products being withdrawn from the market.

Cosmetics advertising

Cosmetics advertising in China is subject to strict rules to protect consumers from misleading information and unsubstantiated claims.

Prohibitions on advertising :

  • Falsify or exaggerate the name, manufacturing method, ingredients, effectiveness or performance of cosmetic products.
  • Using another person’s name to guarantee or mislead others as to effectiveness.
  • Communicate medical effects or use medical terminology (e.g. cosmeceuticals, prescriptions, antibacterials, sterilisation, etc.).
  • Denigrate the similar products or services of other producers or operators.
  • Using or concealing the name or image of a State body or its staff.
  • Indicate or imply that the efficacy, quality or safety of cosmetic products have been recognised by the State authorities through registration, filing, certification and other activities of State bodies.

Authorised claims :

  • Advertisements must be consistent with the content of the product registration or filing documents. For example, a product registered in China as having a whitening function cannot use the argument of sun protection.
  • The following effects are authorised in China: hair dyeing, perming, freckle whitening, sunscreen, hair loss prevention, acne elimination, moisturising, anti-wrinkle, soothing, etc. Cosmetics claiming to have additional effects or to be suitable for specific groups must provide a special registration certificate.
  • The data and quotations used in advertising must be true and accurate, and the source must be indicated.

Restrictions on Terms and Claims :

  • It is forbidden to use terms such as “national level”, “superlative”, “best”, “first”, “premium”, “top”, “latest innovation”, “pure natural products”, “organic products”, “without side effects”, “food quality”, etc.
  • The arguments “gentle and non-irritating”, “sensitive skin”, “does not sting the eyes” require an assessment of efficacy, including human efficacy tests, consumer tests or laboratory tests.

Conclusion

The cosmetics market in China represents a considerable opportunity for foreign brands, but it is governed by strict regulations that can be complex. Understanding import, marketing, formulation and labelling requirements is essential for a successful and sustainable business. Despite the challenges, brands that are able to comply with regulations and adapt their marketing strategies to local preferences can thrive in this dynamic and growing market. With growing demand for beauty products and an increasingly sophisticated consumer population, China offers exciting prospects for the global cosmetics industry.

If you are interested in the cosmetics market in China and would like to find out more about consumer habits, Chinese regulations governing the import and sale of skincare products and cosmetics, or the role and importance of the responsible body, contact VVR International. Our experts in the field will be happy to answer your questions.

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The cultural and creative industries market in China

The cultural and creative industries market in China

China plays a central role in international trade, industry and technology, and now also in art and culture. Indeed, since the early 2000s, aware of the potential of these fields for the country’s economic growth and influence around the world, the Chinese government has been supporting the sector through a number of policies and massive investments. China’s creative and cultural industries are multiplying and diversifying their activities. The expansion of the middle class in China, accompanied by a general increase in purchasing power, is contributing to the growth of the cultural and entertainment sector. As per capita disposable income rises, people are more inclined to increase their spending on leisure, cultural and artistic outings. These dynamics support players in the sector and create new opportunities.

The emergence of the art and culture market in China

The contemporary art market

In the early 2000s, China’s economic expansion was accompanied by an opening up to the world of contemporary art. Marginal in the early 2000s, China is now at the centre of the world contemporary art market. By 2021, China will be the world leader in contemporary art, ahead of the United States, with a market share of nearly 35.5%.

This meteoric rise can be explained by a number of factors.  Between 2005 and 2008, the government introduced policies to make the contemporary art market more flexible and facilitate sales. The aim of these policies was to legitimise and promote Chinese contemporary art internationally. The aim was also to promote national creation within the country by lifting the ban on exhibiting works of contemporary art in public museums, which had been in place since 1989.

Over the last twenty years, an affluent class has developed and expanded. Made up of entrepreneurs, often urban dwellers with substantial incomes, this affluent class is developing a taste for art, which is expressed in leisure activities as well as in the purchase of works of art. In China, for example, the number of contemporary art collectors continues to grow. This dynamism is also illustrated by the significant growth in auction sales by internationally renowned Chinese artists such as the visual artist Zeng Fanzhi, born in 1964.

The arts and culture sector at the heart of China’s strategy

In recent years, the Chinese government has initiated a policy of financial support for the creation of public and private contemporary art museums across the country. These massive investments have helped to develop cultural infrastructures across the country: between 2000 and 2019, 42 new contemporary art museums were created. In addition to these public institutions, the State has also contributed to the opening of 88 private contemporary art museums over the same period.

Numerous public initiatives aimed at promoting the cultural and creative industries are being carried out at national, regional or local level, such as the creation of creative clusters in major cities like Beijing and Shanghai. At the heart of megacities with intense economic activity, the aim of these clusters is to bring together players and companies in the creative sector in a restricted area in order to create synergies, stimulate creativity and develop ambitious, innovative projects. These zones bring together companies in the sector and benefit from support to stimulate innovation.

This development of creative and exhibition spaces to showcase the country’s creative wealth has helped to boost the contemporary art market. Private players – art galleries and art centres – have multiplied, supported by the development of major contemporary art fairs such as Art Basel in Hong Kong, which bring together art market players, artists and collectors from all over the world . This combination of political will, the commitment of private players and the growing interest of the Chinese public is contributing to the dynamism of the arts and culture sector in China.

The creative and cultural sector: economic leverage and influence

The importance of the cultural and creative industry sector is not only economic, but also geopolitical. China is exporting more and more cultural products such as films, animation and visual arts to foreign markets. These exports help to promote Chinese culture around the world, strengthen its influence and shape a certain image of China.

A number of major international events take place in China every year, helping to establish its importance in the field of cultural creation. At the crossroads of entertainment, production and technology, video games occupy a strategic place in the Chinese economy and in its influence on the cultural and creative industry sector. The number of players involved and the number of dedicated events bear witness to its importance and dynamism. The China Joy (China Digital Entertainment Expo & Conference), for example, which takes place every year in Shanghai and brings together the main Chinese and international players in this creative industry, is considered to be one of the biggest video game trade fairs in Asia. At its 17th edition 5 years ago, China Joy brought together more than 1,360 Chinese and international exhibitors and attracted nearly 365,000 visitors. This success illustrates the importance of the video game and digital entertainment sector in China in recent years.

What opportunities are there for foreign cultural and creative industries (CCIs)?

For the year 2021, the Chinese government’s annual budget allocated to the “culture, tourism, sport and communication” sector was EUR 2.45 billion, with EUR 433.28 million allocated directly to culture and tourism (services, museums, halls, libraries, artistic dissemination, management).[6] This amount testifies to the importance of the sector in the Chinese economy. This vast market, with its many players and diverse activities, offers great opportunities for foreign companies. By contributing their know-how, their cultures and their unique artistic and cultural offerings, they have everything they need to establish themselves successfully in China.

There is strong demand for foreign cultural products in a wide range of fields, including live performance, music and the support and creation of large-scale cultural projects (galleries, fairs and museums). What’s more, the development of world-class cultural infrastructures and facilities initiated in the 2000s offers major opportunities for dissemination and the creation of partnerships.

Finally, despite certain regulatory constraints and the government’s sometimes cautious approach to foreign investment, China welcomes and encourages the growth of the cultural and creative industries through public funding, which is seen as a new economic and job-creation engine. Nevertheless, investing in the Chinese culture and entertainment market requires a prior understanding of its specific features and the rules that govern it, particularly the import quotas for foreign cultural content, which still limit opportunities.

Finally, products and services need to be adapted to the Chinese market, not only to match the tastes and practices of the target audience, but also to comply with the rules governing the creation and distribution of cultural content in China.

Conclusion

The cultural and creative industries market in China is flourishing. Boosted by public investment, the emergence of creative clusters and the middle class’s appetite for leisure and culture, accelerated by the digital transition, it is continuing to grow rapidly while becoming increasingly international.

Are you in the Cultural and Creative Industries sector? Are you interested in the Chinese market? Did you know that there is a development support programme in China dedicated to CCIs?

Download the Cultur’export China programme brochure here

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The Cosmetics Market in China: developments and outlook

The Cosmetics Market in China: developments and outlook

The China Beauty Expo (CBE) 2024, held in Shanghai from 22 to 24 May, brought together more than 10,000 brands and 70,000 beauty products, from global giants such as L’Oréal and Shiseido to trendy niche brands and national leaders such as Proya and Bloomage Biotech. More than 1,500 companies from the beauty supply chain were also present on 100,000 m² of exhibition space. This event is a showcase for the vitality of this sector in the Chinese market.

Indeed, the Chinese beauty market is growing by leaps and bounds, making it one of the most dynamic and lucrative in the world. With a population of over 1.4 billion and a rapidly expanding middle class, demand for beauty products continues to grow. This article explores the key factors behind this growth, as well as the emerging trends that are shaping this market.

Focus on the Chinese cosmetics market

Is the growth of the cosmetics market in China sustainable?

China has become the second largest cosmetics market in the world, just behind the United States. According to data from Statista, the Chinese cosmetics market will be worth more than 390 billion yuan (around $60 billion) in 2023. It is interesting to note that, although China is the world’s second largest market, per capita cosmetics consumption is significantly lower than that of US consumers. In fact, in 2022, the average American will spend $333 a year on beauty products, while the average Chinese will spend just $41. The growth potential of the Chinese market is therefore considerable.

However, following strong growth between 2018 and 2022, with an average annual growth rate of almost 10.7%, the market is expected to fall slightly to around 7% per year over the next 5 years. This expansion is underpinned by several factors:

Urbanisation and rising incomes:

Migration to urban areas and rising disposable incomes have led to increased demand for sophisticated beauty products.

Growing awareness of beauty and well-being:

Chinese consumers are attaching increasing importance to their personal appearance and well-being, boosting demand for skincare and make-up products. The dietary supplements market is also benefiting from this growing interest in well-being (for more information, see our dedicated article: The vitality of the dietary supplements market in China – VVR International, strategic development, production, sourcing, distribution… )

Influence of social media :

Social media platforms such as WeChat, DouYin, Weibo and Xiaohongshu play a crucial role in the emergence of trends and the promotion of cosmetic products. In China, livestreaming on social networks is enjoying considerable success. During these lives, influencers test, comment and advise their followers on new products to buy. These livestreams are very popular, and can generate a lot of sales! (For more information on social selling and its influence in China, see our article: Focus on the extraordinary phenomenon of social selling in China – VVR International, strategic development, production, sourcing, distribution…)

Among foreign brands, France, Japan and Korea are the main importers.

Since 2022, France has dominated the imported cosmetics market, with a market share of over 24%, or 36.4 billion yuan (around 5.6 billion dollars). In China, the premium cosmetics market has historically been largely held by foreign brands, while Chinese brands have mainly exported products with low added value, creating a trade deficit in this sector. In recent years, however, there has been an increase in the power and quality of domestic cosmetics brands.

The rise of Chinese brands:

Until the 2010s, the skincare and cosmetics market was largely held by foreign companies. In 2013, for example, they accounted for 72% of the make-up market, compared with 46% in 2022. Today, buoyed by changing consumer habits, local Chinese brands such as Giant Biogene (巨子生物), Syoung (水洋股份), Proya, Jahwa, BTN or even Bloomage Biotech are gaining in popularity, rivalling the international giants. Since 2020, they have held more than 50% of the local make-up market.

 This rapid development is due to three main factors:

  • Firstly, these brands have been able to adapt more quickly than foreign brands to new consumption patterns and changing demand. Being closer to their consumers, they have observed and understood their changing habits. What’s more, they are often smaller companies, more agile in organising R&D and implementing marketing plans, and able to adjust their prices more easily. Companies such as Perfect Diary, Florasis and Chando have managed to capture the attention of consumers with products tailored to local preferences and innovative marketing strategies. What’s more, the distribution strategy chosen by these brands is often based mainly on online sales, which allows them to be more responsive (online sales are the preferred marketing method for these brands, as is the case with Proya, which achieves over 90% of its sales online).
  • Secondly, young consumers are more inclined to consume national brand products. Generation Z represents almost 19% of the Chinese population, and includes many consumers of cosmetics. Born during a period of prosperity for China and its international influence, young people are proud to buy national brands, which creates excellent development opportunities for Chinese companies.
  • Finally, the desired effects and specific functions of cosmetics have become increasingly important when it comes to purchasing products. Social networks and the internet have helped to raise awareness among the Chinese of skin problems and the various treatments available to deal with them. Domestic brands were quick to pick up on these new consumer concerns. They have been able to adapt, for example by increasing the number of partnerships with medical institutions in order to reinforce their image as experts in skin care. At the same time, they have consolidated their online distribution strategy.

Challenges and opportunities for foreign brands

French cosmetics: brand image and luxury

Brand image and the perception of quality play a crucial role in purchasing decisions. Chinese consumers are particularly sensitive to well-known brands and luxury products, which they associate with high social status and a guarantee of quality. Many French brands enjoy an image of luxury and quality that is highly prized by Chinese consumers. For example, brands such as Chanel, Dior and Lancôme enjoy strong recognition and loyalty from Chinese consumers. Made in France” is seen as a guarantee of prestige and quality, particularly in the skincare and fragrance segment.

Foreign brands can also capitalise on the growing interest in natural and organic products. Demand for products that are free from harmful ingredients and respect the environment is on the rise, paving the way for brands such as Caudalie and L’Occitane to promote their natural, sustainable formulas.

Adapting to the Chinese market: challenges for foreign brands

Enhanced regulations:

China is continuing to tighten its regulations on the safety and quality of cosmetic products. Brands must remain vigilant and ensure that they comply with these standards to avoid any risk of withdrawal from the market or penalties. Compliance with local regulations is essential to maintain the confidence of consumers and the authorities.

Establishing a suitable distribution network:

Beauty products are distributed in China through a combination of online and offline channels. E-commerce platforms such as Tmall and JD.com are still major players, but their leadership position is being challenged by social selling and the growing importance of livestreaming. Physical shops continue to play an important role, offering immersive shopping experiences and personalised consultations. In 2020, online sales of cosmetics accounted for around 38% of total sales in China. In recent years, the rapid expansion of cross-border e-commerce (CBEC) in China represents a major opportunity for foreign brands. Specialised CBEC online sales platforms such as Tmall Global and JD Worldwide give foreign brands direct access to Chinese consumers without the need to register their products. Participating in major online events such as the ‘Double 11’ can generate massive visibility and sales in a short space of time, however it is important to note that Chinese consumers will expect a strong discount on the price of products at these festivals.

 

Conclusion

In conclusion, the cosmetics market in China offers considerable opportunities for both French and foreign brands. However, success in this market requires an in-depth understanding of consumer preferences, an ability to innovate and personalise offerings, and constant vigilance with regard to local regulations. Brands that are able to navigate this dynamic and ever-changing landscape will be able to capitalise on the market’s continued growth and strengthen their presence in China. With a vast and diverse population, China continues to represent fertile ground for the global cosmetics industry, promising great prospects for years to come.

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